Efficiency Challenges in Solar Energy Systems

Introduction

Jordan’s total primary energy consumption in 2021 amounted to 8,726 ktoe (kilotonnes of oil equivalent). Given Jordan's heavy dependence on imported energy resources, fossil fuels constitute the largest proportion of the primary energy mix contributing 45.45% to the total energy mix, followed by natural gas at 37.47%, and renewable energy at 14.72%. For the same year, the data for renewable electricity generation by source (non-combustible) shows that solar PV (photovoltaics) dominates the renewable energy mix, accounting for 67.1%, followed by wind energy at 32.5%, and hydroelectric power contributing 0.4%.

Jordan adopted the Jordan Energy Strategy 2020-2030, developed by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) targeted a 31% share for renewables in total power generation capacity and 14% of the total energy mix by 2030.

The Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Law No. 13 of 2012 and subsequent amendments, shows Jordan’s focus on renewable energy and attracting investments therein. Renewable energy adoption for heating and cooling in residential and industrial buildings remains limited at a time when Jordan is exposed to about 300 annual days of sun. A survey in Jordan revealed that 36% of respondents utilize solar energy systems, while the majority 64% do not.

Challenges

Jordan’s Renewable Readiness Assessment highlights progress in solar energy adoption, particular in solar water heating for domestic use. Challenges include the absence of deployment targets and financial incentives for end-users, with untapped potential in commercial and public sectors. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) and Concentrated Solar Heating (CSH) offer solutions for industrial process heat, yet awareness of these benefits remains limited. Silicon-based PV cells currently dominate 90% of the market, and ongoing innovations reduce silicon usage while enhancing efficiency, promising improved system performance. Studies in Jordan reveal dust accumulation reduces power output by 8.8% and efficiency by 11.9%, while tracking issues post challenges, emphasizing the need for solutions that optimize energy capture.

The target audience, including building owners across residential, commercial, and industrial sectors face challenges with significant consequences. Financial constraints limit investment in solar energy, space limitations, regulatory issues, and safety concerns impede solar technology adoption. Inefficiencies in system performance, such as dust and tracking issues, diminish benefits and increase expenses.

Current solutions inadequately tackle the complex challenges faced by buildings and industries. Although tech advancements offer potential to enhance efficiencies and performance, limitations persist in deployment strategies and financial incentives. Additionally, gaps in awareness among customers and vendors underscore the need for tailored solutions to bridge information disparities. This highlights the urgent need for market advancements to address these challenges.

Suggested Approaches

The affected segment encompasses a spectrum of services and products, including efficient photovoltaic technologies, CSP technologies, proactive maintenance strategies including regular cleaning and improved tracking mechanisms, and more. In addition to alternative, low-cost solutions that can provide solar power to buildings. This encompasses the entirety of the solar energy value chain, particularly catering to small-scale projects within buildings and industries to optimize solar energy generation and maximize the return on investment for residential, commercial, and industrial building owners.

This market landscape fosters opportunities across a spectrum of needs, including technology development, equipment procurement, and consultancy services. Demand spans solar cells, panels, support structures, storage batteries, and energy management software, signaling a ripe market for innovation and investment in solar technology. Entrepreneurs are urged to pioneer solar energy startups focusing on innovative technologies like next-gen solar panels, thin-film solar cells, CSP systems, and solar energy storage solutions. Opportunities exist for startups providing low-cost solar power solutions to buildings, including equipment ownership, installation, and electricity sales. Photovoltaic leasing services for homeowners are also encouraged. Ventures specializing in solar thermal technology for electricity and steam production are in demand, as are those producing thin-film photovoltaic cells for various applications. Additionally, startups developing concentrated photovoltaic modules and advanced tracking systems can enhance solar energy efficiency and ROI compared to conventional systems. Moreover, solutions automating cleaning processes, like self-cleaning mechanisms or robotic maintenance systems offer marketable solutions to startups. Technological adoption is also crucial, such as AI-driven predictive analytics and drones with advanced aerial imaging for inspection and issue detection. Entrepreneurs are encouraged to seize these opportunities to advance solar energy tech and drive the transition to a sustainable energy future.

Ideation Hub

We have offered viable solution approaches for each of the four sectors to spark your creativity, but we highly encourage you to bring your originality and unique perspectives to the table.

You can use these ideas as a starting point, but we urge you to think outside the box. Let’s come up with pioneering ideas to transform Jordanian industry.
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